China's state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have been much criticized for its monopoly and corruption. Currently, they have been evolved into various forms and even "innovations". Anbound’s chief researcher, Chan Kung is of the view that apart from the SOE system which lacks supervision, there exists a grander scale of shadow SOEs system, whose scale and mechanism are hard to access. This system includes enterprises and not limited to subsidiaries of SASAC (State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission) .