While the section 301 of the U.S Trade Act was invoked, the Ministry of Commerce of China announced on 22nd of August to decide initiating a review on anti-dumping measures against dispersion-shifted optical fiber product made in the U.S. Since 22st April 2011, China has imposed a tariff on the fiber for five years. The anti-dumping investigation announced at the sensitive time is a potential countermeasure of China to the U.S. anti-dumping investigation invoked by the section 301 of the Trade Act.