The North-east China is now in an unprecedentedly economic and social depression and there exists a risk of economic "crash". ANBOUND research team thinks that the problem of the North-east China lies not in its hardware, but in its software, i.e. in its ideology, market system construction, government service, etc. In order to solve this region's systematic problems which are rather serious and complicated, a bold and resolute reform, particularly a marketization reform, is demanded. However, experiences in the past few years show that it is rather hard to truly "let go" in China's traditional industrial centers.